Glossary
Glossary
Clear definitions of key terms used in international food trade, processing, logistics and quality standards for agricultural products.
- Plain-language definitions
- Grouped by category
- Kept up to date
Popular Terms
The abbreviations buyers and suppliers use most often.
Browse by Category
- agriculture28
- Allergen Management5
- beekeeping23
- Berries13
- Certifications & Standards37
- Cold Chain49
- commercial60
- customs39
- Drying & Dehydration44
- eu-regulation68
- Export Procedures26
- Food Safety91
- Freezing & Frozen Products46
- fruit-processing40
- grain-milling27
- herbs-spices-processing29
- Honey Quality32
- juice-concentrate25
- Knowledge
- lab-testing65
- labelling45
- Logistics62
- Market Trends4
- Markets8
All Terms
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Steam Peeling
Steam peeling is a processing method that exposes fruit or vegetables to pressurised steam for a brief, controlled period, causing…
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Steam Sterilization
Steam sterilization is a decontamination process that exposes spices to saturated steam under controlled pressure, temperature and time to reduce…
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Stir-Fry Mixes
Stir-fry mixes are vegetable blends cut and proportioned for rapid high-heat cooking, where uniform texture on the plate depends on…
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Stock Keeping Unit
A stock keeping unit is a unique alphanumeric code assigned to a distinct product variant, combining attributes such as product…
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Stocktaking
Stocktaking is the physical verification of all inventory against system records, performed periodically or continuously, to confirm actual stock positions,…
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Stone Detection
Stone detection is the inspection step applied to pitted fruit to identify and remove residual stone fragments or whole stones…
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Stone Milling
Stone milling is a traditional grain-milling method in which grain is ground between two rotating millstones, producing a flour that…
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Storage Instructions
Storage instructions are the mandatory or recommended conditions under which a food must be kept to remain safe and retain…
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Storage Temperature
Storage temperature is the specified temperature condition at which a product must be held throughout its supply chain to preserve…
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Stretch Wrap
Stretch wrap is an elastic plastic film wound around palletised loads to bind cartons and bags firmly together, preventing shifting…
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Sucrose
Sucrose is a disaccharide naturally present in small quantities in ripe honey, and elevated levels can indicate unripe honey, sugar…
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Sugar Beet
Sugar beet is a root crop grown specifically for industrial sucrose extraction, where harvested roots are washed, sliced into cossettes…
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Sugar Profile Analysis
Sugar profile analysis is a laboratory procedure that quantifies individual sugars, typically by HPLC, to verify the authenticity of honey,…
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Superchilling
Superchilling is a preservation technique in which fresh product is held slightly below its initial freezing point so that a…
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Sustainability Reporting
Sustainability reporting is the structured disclosure of environmental, social and governance performance by companies, increasingly mandated for large EU businesses…
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Sustainable Sourcing
Sustainable sourcing is the procurement of raw materials in ways that account for environmental, social and economic impacts, often verified…
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Table Honey
Table honey is honey intended for direct human consumption that satisfies all composition requirements of the EU Honey Directive, distinguishing…
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TARIC
TARIC is the EU’s Integrated Tariff, extending the Combined Nomenclature to ten digits and listing every measure that applies to…
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Temperature Abuse
Temperature abuse is any event in which a food product is exposed to conditions outside its specified temperature range during…
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Temperature Excursion
A temperature excursion is a recorded event in which a product’s temperature moves outside its specified range for a measurable…
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Temperature Logger
A temperature logger is an electronic device that records ambient or product temperature at set intervals during storage or transport,…
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Temperature Mapping
Temperature mapping is a validation exercise in which multiple sensors are distributed throughout a cold store, reefer container or refrigerated…
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Tillage
Tillage is the mechanical working of soil to prepare seedbeds, control weeds and incorporate residues or fertiliser, with depth and…
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TIR Carnet
TIR Carnet is an international customs transit document, administered under the TIR Convention by the IRU, that allows sealed road…
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Titratable Acidity
Titratable acidity is a measure of the total acid content of a food product, determined by titration with a standard…
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Total Plate Count
Total plate count is a microbiological test that measures the total number of viable aerobic microorganisms per gram of a…
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Traceability
Traceability is the ability to follow a food product and its ingredients one step back and one step forward through…
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Traceability Requirements
Traceability requirements are the obligations under Article 18 of the General Food Law that compel food business operators to identify…
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TRACES System
The TRACES system is the European Commission’s online platform for managing sanitary and phytosanitary certification and border control procedures for…
How the glossary works
The glossary defines the vocabulary used across the rest of the site: trade terms, processing terms, quality parameters, certification acronyms and logistics jargon. It exists so that the guides and specification pages can use precise language without stopping to explain it every time.
Definitions, not explanations
A glossary entry says what a term means and, where it matters, what it is frequently confused with. It does not walk through how to apply the concept – that is what the guides are for, and each entry links to the guide that does the work. Keeping the two apart is what stops the glossary turning into a second, worse copy of the knowledge base.
Where the definition comes from
Where a term is defined in law or in a published standard, the entry uses that definition and names the source. Where a term is industry usage with no governing text – and a great deal of trade vocabulary is exactly that – the entry says so, and describes the range of ways the term is used rather than inventing an authority for one of them.
Linking discipline
A glossary term is linked on its first mention in an article and nowhere else. That rule exists because a page with the same term linked nine times is harder to read and no more useful. If you land on an article mid-way and meet an unfamiliar term with no link, it was linked further up the page, and it is here.
Abbreviations are spelled out once
An entry gives the full form of an acronym before it uses it, even when the acronym is the form everyone says out loud. IQF, MOQ, FCL, MRL and HS code all have an entry under the abbreviation and, where a reader would search for it, under the spelled-out term as well. The second slug is a redirect and not a second definition, so there is never a duplicate text to keep in step with the first one.
When a definition changes
Definitions taken from a regulation or from a certification scheme change when the source changes, and the entry is then rewritten rather than annotated. The review date at the foot of each entry says when the source was last read. If you are quoting a definition in a contract or in a specification, quote the source document and not this page: a glossary is a place to understand a term, not a place to cite it.
Same word, different trade
Several terms mean different things in different parts of the supply chain. Grade, class, lot and batch are the usual offenders, and the difference between a processor’s usage and a retailer’s usage has consequences in a specification. Where that happens, the entry gives both readings instead of quietly choosing one.
Start here
Three entry points that answer most first visits to this section.
Browse A to Z
The full index, jumpable by letter.
Questions
When you need the reasoning rather than the definition.
Guides
The long-form articles the definitions support.
Common questions about this section
How many terms are in the glossary?
Several hundred, and the count changes as new material is published. Use the letter index or the search box rather than scrolling.
Why is a term I searched for missing?
Either it has not been written yet or it is filed under a different form of the word. Request it through the contact page and it goes onto the list.
Are the definitions legally authoritative?
Where a definition is taken from a regulation or a standard, the source is named and that source is authoritative. Where the term is industry usage, the entry describes practice and says so.
Can I reuse a definition in my own documents?
For internal use, yes. If you are publishing it, quote a short passage and link back rather than republishing the entry.
