Archive
Transport
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Why do frozen vegetables arrive as a solid block?
Heat plus compression. A temperature excursion partially melts surface ice, which refreezes as bridges between pieces – and the bottom layer of…
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How is frozen fruit transported?
Frozen fruit moves in temperature-controlled reefer equipment held at -18 degrees Celsius or colder: refrigerated road trailers for European destinations, reefer containers…
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Reefer Road Transport from Ukraine to the EU: Equipment, Paperwork and Timings
Equipment classes, pre-cooling, loading discipline, CMR liability and realistic transit times for temperature-controlled road freight from Ukraine into the European Union.
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FCL, LTL and Groupage for Frozen Food: Cost, Risk and the Break-Even Point
A comparison of full loads, part loads and consolidated groupage for temperature-controlled cargo, with the cost drivers, the risk trade-offs and a…
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What is the difference between FCL and LTL shipments?
FCL means full container load: you buy the whole container or the whole trailer, it loads at one place and unloads at…
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Who pays demurrage when a reefer waits?
Whoever contracted the carriage pays the carrier, and whoever caused the delay ends up paying in the end, if the contract says…
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How many pallets fit in a reefer trailer or container?
A standard European reefer semi-trailer takes 33 euro pallets on the floor in a single tier, with a payload normally in the…
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What is the difference between FCL and LTL shipments?
FCL means full container load: you buy the whole container or the whole trailer, it loads at one place and unloads at…
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How is frozen fruit transported?
Frozen fruit travels in reefer trucks or containers at −18 °C with continuous temperature logging.