Archive
Transport
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Why do frozen vegetables arrive as a solid block?
Heat plus compression. A temperature excursion partially melts surface ice, which refreezes as bridges between pieces – and the bottom layer of…
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Reefer Road Transport from Ukraine to the EU: Equipment, Paperwork and Timings
Equipment classes, pre-cooling, loading discipline, CMR liability and realistic transit times for temperature-controlled road freight from Ukraine into the European Union.
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FCL, LTL and Groupage for Frozen Food: Cost, Risk and the Break-Even Point
A comparison of full loads, part loads and consolidated groupage for temperature-controlled cargo, with the cost drivers, the risk trade-offs and a…
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Who pays demurrage when a reefer waits?
The reefer waiting charge is paid to the carrier by whoever contracted the carriage, then recovered from whoever caused the delay. How…
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How many pallets fit in a reefer trailer or container?
A standard EU reefer semi-trailer takes 33 euro pallets in one tier; reefer containers take fewer. Payload limits and stacking for frozen…
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What is the difference between FCL and LTL shipments?
FCL means a full container load for one shipper, loaded and unloaded once; LTL shares space. Risk, cost logic and when each…
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How is frozen fruit transported?
Frozen fruit moves at -18 C or colder in ATP class FRC trailers in Europe and in reefer containers at sea. Equipment,…