A stock keeping unit is a unique alphanumeric code assigned to a distinct product variant, combining attributes such as product type, processing state, pack size and format, to enable precise inventory tracking and order fulfilment.
In trade practice
Buyers assign internal SKU codes to each line they purchase, and suppliers maintain their own SKU or article-number systems; aligning both in a product master file prevents picking errors and invoice mismatches. For frozen fruit and vegetable ranges, a single raw material such as strawberry may generate multiple SKUs covering IQF whole, IQF sliced and block-frozen formats in different pack sizes. Accurate SKU discipline is essential for forecasting, stock rotation and recall traceability, where the ability to isolate a specific variant quickly is a regulatory requirement.
In a specification
Supplier price lists and purchase orders should reference the supplier’s article number alongside the buyer’s SKU to ensure both parties identify the same product variant without ambiguity.