Glossary
Glossary
Clear definitions of key terms used in international food trade, processing, logistics and quality standards for agricultural products.
- Plain-language definitions
- Grouped by category
- Kept up to date
Popular Terms
The abbreviations buyers and suppliers use most often.
Browse by Category
- agriculture26
- Allergen Management3
- beekeeping23
- Berries15
- Certifications & Standards41
- Cold Chain53
- commercial57
- customs44
- Drying & Dehydration40
- eu-regulation70
- Export Procedures31
- Food Safety86
- Freezing & Frozen Products44
- fruit-processing42
- grain-milling23
- herbs-spices-processing27
- Honey Quality32
- juice-concentrate25
- Knowledge
- lab-testing55
- labelling44
- Logistics71
- Market Trends3
- Markets6
All Terms
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Decortication
Decortication, or dehulling, removes the outer husk or shell from oilseeds such as sunflower and soybean before pressing. Removing the…
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Deep Freezing
Deep freezing means lowering the product core temperature to −18 °C or colder and keeping it there. The term is…
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Defatted Meal
Defatted meal is oilseed meal from which nearly all oil has been removed by solvent extraction, leaving low residual oil…
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Defect Classification
Defect classification defines and categorises imperfections allowed in a product lot, such as crushed berries, stems, leaves, unripe or damaged…
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Deforestation-Free Supply Chains
Deforestation-free supply chains ensure that commodities were not produced on land deforested after a defined cut-off date. The EU Deforestation…
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Defrost Cycle
A defrost cycle is the periodic melting of frost that builds up on the evaporator coils of a freezer or…
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Degumming
Degumming removes phospholipids, or gums, from crude oil by treating it with water, acid or enzymes and separating the hydrated…
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Delivery Schedule
A delivery schedule is the agreed timetable of consignments under a contract, listing quantities, dates and destinations over the season…
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Delivery Window
A delivery window is the agreed time slot in which a shipment must arrive at the receiving point, such as…
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Demurrage
Demurrage is a charge levied by the shipping line or terminal when a full container stays at the port beyond…
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Demurrage
Demurrage is the charge levied when a container remains at the terminal beyond the allowed free time after vessel discharge.…
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Deodorization
Deodorization strips volatile odour and flavour compounds from oil by steam distillation under high temperature and vacuum. It produces a…
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Desiccant
A desiccant is a moisture-absorbing substance, such as silica gel, placed inside packaging to keep the headspace dry. Desiccants protect…
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Destemming
Destemming mechanically removes stems and stalks from strawberries, cherries and berries. It is usually performed before washing or freezing, and…
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Detention
Detention is a charge for keeping the carrier’s container outside the port or terminal beyond the allowed free time, for…
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Detention Charges
Detention charges apply when a container is held by the consignee outside the terminal beyond the agreed free time before…
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Diastase Number
The diastase number measures the activity of the enzyme diastase (amylase) in honey, expressed on the Schade scale. The Codex…
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Dice Cut
A dice cut produces vegetable cubes of defined dimensions, commonly from 5 to 20 millimetres. Dice size is a contractual…
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Dispute Resolution
Dispute resolution provisions set the path for handling disagreements, often escalating from negotiation to mediation and then to arbitration or…
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Distance Selling Labelling
Distance selling rules require that for food sold online or by catalogue, all mandatory particulars except the durability date be…
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Documentary Check
A documentary check is the examination of the documents accompanying a consignment, including health certificates, commercial documents and transport records,…
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Dried Mushrooms
Dried mushrooms are dehydrated to low moisture, typically below 12 percent, concentrating flavour and enabling ambient storage. Rehydration ratio, slice…
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Drip Irrigation
Drip irrigation delivers water directly to the root zone through emitters, minimising evaporation and runoff compared with overhead systems. It…
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Drum Packaging
Drum packaging uses steel, plastic or fibre drums, typically 100–220 litres, for semi-liquid or bulk products such as fruit purees,…
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Dry Ice
Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide at about −78.5 °C, used as a refrigerant for small shipments, samples and short-duration…
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Dry Matter
Dry matter is the portion of a product that remains after all water is removed, expressed as a percentage of…
How the glossary works
The glossary defines the vocabulary used across the rest of the site: trade terms, processing terms, quality parameters, certification acronyms and logistics jargon. It exists so that the guides and specification pages can use precise language without stopping to explain it every time.
Definitions, not explanations
A glossary entry says what a term means and, where it matters, what it is frequently confused with. It does not walk through how to apply the concept – that is what the guides are for, and each entry links to the guide that does the work. Keeping the two apart is what stops the glossary turning into a second, worse copy of the knowledge base.
Where the definition comes from
Where a term is defined in law or in a published standard, the entry uses that definition and names the source. Where a term is industry usage with no governing text – and a great deal of trade vocabulary is exactly that – the entry says so, and describes the range of ways the term is used rather than inventing an authority for one of them.
Linking discipline
A glossary term is linked on its first mention in an article and nowhere else. That rule exists because a page with the same term linked nine times is harder to read and no more useful. If you land on an article mid-way and meet an unfamiliar term with no link, it was linked further up the page, and it is here.
Abbreviations are spelled out once
An entry gives the full form of an acronym before it uses it, even when the acronym is the form everyone says out loud. IQF, MOQ, FCL, MRL and HS code all have an entry under the abbreviation and, where a reader would search for it, under the spelled-out term as well. The second slug is a redirect and not a second definition, so there is never a duplicate text to keep in step with the first one.
When a definition changes
Definitions taken from a regulation or from a certification scheme change when the source changes, and the entry is then rewritten rather than annotated. The review date at the foot of each entry says when the source was last read. If you are quoting a definition in a contract or in a specification, quote the source document and not this page: a glossary is a place to understand a term, not a place to cite it.
Same word, different trade
Several terms mean different things in different parts of the supply chain. Grade, class, lot and batch are the usual offenders, and the difference between a processor’s usage and a retailer’s usage has consequences in a specification. Where that happens, the entry gives both readings instead of quietly choosing one.
Start here
Three entry points that answer most first visits to this section.
Browse A to Z
The full index, jumpable by letter.
Questions
When you need the reasoning rather than the definition.
Guides
The long-form articles the definitions support.
Common questions about this section
How many terms are in the glossary?
Several hundred, and the count changes as new material is published. Use the letter index or the search box rather than scrolling.
Why is a term I searched for missing?
Either it has not been written yet or it is filed under a different form of the word. Request it through the contact page and it goes onto the list.
Are the definitions legally authoritative?
Where a definition is taken from a regulation or a standard, the source is named and that source is authoritative. Where the term is industry usage, the entry describes practice and says so.
Can I reuse a definition in my own documents?
For internal use, yes. If you are publishing it, quote a short passage and link back rather than republishing the entry.