Glossary
Glossary
Clear definitions of key terms used in international food trade, processing, logistics and quality standards for agricultural products.
- Plain-language definitions
- Grouped by category
- Kept up to date
Popular Terms
The abbreviations buyers and suppliers use most often.
Browse by Category
- agriculture28
- Allergen Management5
- beekeeping23
- Berries13
- Certifications & Standards37
- Cold Chain49
- commercial60
- customs39
- Drying & Dehydration44
- eu-regulation68
- Export Procedures26
- Food Safety91
- Freezing & Frozen Products46
- fruit-processing40
- grain-milling27
- herbs-spices-processing29
- Honey Quality32
- juice-concentrate25
- Knowledge
- lab-testing65
- labelling45
- Logistics62
- Market Trends4
- Markets8
All Terms
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Decortication
Decortication is the mechanical removal of the outer husk or shell from oilseeds such as sunflower or soybean before pressing…
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Deep Freezing
Deep freezing is the process and storage state in which a food product’s core temperature is brought to and maintained…
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Defatted Meal
Defatted meal is oilseed meal from which nearly all oil has been removed by solvent extraction, resulting in low residual…
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Defect Classification
Defect classification is the systematic categorisation of imperfections found in a product lot, such as damaged, unripe or foreign pieces,…
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Deforestation-Free Supply Chains
Deforestation-free supply chains are sourcing arrangements in which covered commodities can be shown not to have been produced on land…
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Defrost Cycle
A defrost cycle is the scheduled or automatic process by which frost accumulation on a refrigeration unit’s evaporator coils is…
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Degumming
Degumming is the first stage of vegetable oil refining, in which phospholipids and related gums are removed from crude oil…
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Delivery Schedule
A delivery schedule is the agreed timetable listing the quantities, dates and destinations of consignments to be made under a…
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Delivery Window
A delivery window is the agreed time slot within which a shipment must arrive at a specified receiving point, such…
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Demurrage
Demurrage is a charge levied by a shipping line or terminal when a loaded container remains at the port beyond…
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Deodorization
Deodorization is the final stage of edible oil refining, in which steam is passed through bleached oil under high temperature…
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Deoxynivalenol (DON)
Deoxynivalenol, or DON, is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi in wheat, barley, oats and maize, mostly after wet weather…
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Desiccant
A desiccant is a moisture-absorbing material, commonly silica gel or calcium chloride, placed inside packaging or a shipping container to…
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Destemming
Destemming is the mechanical removal of stems and stalks from strawberries, cherries, currants and similar berries, and it is a…
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Detention
Detention is a charge imposed by a carrier when its container is kept outside the port or terminal beyond the…
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Detention Charges
Detention charges are fees levied by a carrier when a container is retained by the consignee outside the terminal beyond…
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Diastase Number
The diastase number measures the activity of the enzyme diastase (amylase) in honey, expressed on the Schade scale. The Codex…
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Dice Cut
Dice cut is a processing method that produces vegetable cubes of defined dimensions, with cube size and tolerances for fines…
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Dispute Resolution
Dispute resolution refers to the contractual mechanisms by which parties to a food supply agreement address and settle disagreements, ranging…
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Distance Selling Labelling
Distance selling labelling refers to the EU rules requiring that all mandatory food label particulars, except the durability date, be…
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Documentary Check
A documentary check is the examination of all documents accompanying a consignment at a Border Control Post, including health certificates,…
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Dried Mushrooms
Dried mushrooms definition covers dehydrated fungal products reduced to low moisture content to concentrate flavour, extend ambient shelf life and…
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Drip Irrigation
Drip irrigation is a water-delivery method that supplies water directly to the root zone through emitters, minimising evaporation and enabling…
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Drum Packaging
Drum packaging is a bulk containment format using steel, plastic or fibre drums for semi-liquid or viscous food products such…
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Dry Ice
Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide used as a short-duration refrigerant for samples, small shipments and emergency cold-chain maintenance where…
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Dry Matter
Dry matter is the portion of a product remaining after all moisture is removed, expressed as a percentage of total…
How the glossary works
The glossary defines the vocabulary used across the rest of the site: trade terms, processing terms, quality parameters, certification acronyms and logistics jargon. It exists so that the guides and specification pages can use precise language without stopping to explain it every time.
Definitions, not explanations
A glossary entry says what a term means and, where it matters, what it is frequently confused with. It does not walk through how to apply the concept – that is what the guides are for, and each entry links to the guide that does the work. Keeping the two apart is what stops the glossary turning into a second, worse copy of the knowledge base.
Where the definition comes from
Where a term is defined in law or in a published standard, the entry uses that definition and names the source. Where a term is industry usage with no governing text – and a great deal of trade vocabulary is exactly that – the entry says so, and describes the range of ways the term is used rather than inventing an authority for one of them.
Linking discipline
A glossary term is linked on its first mention in an article and nowhere else. That rule exists because a page with the same term linked nine times is harder to read and no more useful. If you land on an article mid-way and meet an unfamiliar term with no link, it was linked further up the page, and it is here.
Abbreviations are spelled out once
An entry gives the full form of an acronym before it uses it, even when the acronym is the form everyone says out loud. IQF, MOQ, FCL, MRL and HS code all have an entry under the abbreviation and, where a reader would search for it, under the spelled-out term as well. The second slug is a redirect and not a second definition, so there is never a duplicate text to keep in step with the first one.
When a definition changes
Definitions taken from a regulation or from a certification scheme change when the source changes, and the entry is then rewritten rather than annotated. The review date at the foot of each entry says when the source was last read. If you are quoting a definition in a contract or in a specification, quote the source document and not this page: a glossary is a place to understand a term, not a place to cite it.
Same word, different trade
Several terms mean different things in different parts of the supply chain. Grade, class, lot and batch are the usual offenders, and the difference between a processor’s usage and a retailer’s usage has consequences in a specification. Where that happens, the entry gives both readings instead of quietly choosing one.
Start here
Three entry points that answer most first visits to this section.
Browse A to Z
The full index, jumpable by letter.
Questions
When you need the reasoning rather than the definition.
Guides
The long-form articles the definitions support.
Common questions about this section
How many terms are in the glossary?
Several hundred, and the count changes as new material is published. Use the letter index or the search box rather than scrolling.
Why is a term I searched for missing?
Either it has not been written yet or it is filed under a different form of the word. Request it through the contact page and it goes onto the list.
Are the definitions legally authoritative?
Where a definition is taken from a regulation or a standard, the source is named and that source is authoritative. Where the term is industry usage, the entry describes practice and says so.
Can I reuse a definition in my own documents?
For internal use, yes. If you are publishing it, quote a short passage and link back rather than republishing the entry.